There is a huge market for IT jobs, with thousands of companies and organizations seeking to hire trained computer repair technicians. The CompTIA A+ and N+ certification examinations must be passed to become a knowledgeable and proficient PC service technician. A list of A+ and N+ Interview Questions and Answers is provided in this article.
A+ and N+ Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers
1. What is a network?
A network is made up of two or more independent devices connected so they may exchange data. Networks can be categorized based on a variety of factors, including topology, function, functional relationship, size, and kind of connection.
2. What is Network Cabling?
Two computers or computer systems can be directly connected via network cables. An electrical cord composed of various insulated conductors is called a cable. Usually, a wrap is used to cover this cord, giving it greater flexibility and strength.
Selecting a network cable requires consideration of many factors, including
- The length of time that the cable needs to cover
- The fastest possible data transmission rate
- The cable’s coating
- The kind of network that will be established The kind of sheath, braiding, and/or shielding
3. What does the term “subnet” mean?
A subsection of a larger network, typically divided by a router or bridge, is referred to as a “subnet” in general. It controls traffic flow, functions for the network’s broadcast domains, and enhances network efficiency. When it comes to networking, subnets are used for:
- Reducing the congestion on the network
- Redistributing IP addresses
- Enhancing the security of networks
4. What is DNS?
A key component of the internet is the Domain Name System (DNS), which allows you to match names (the website you’re looking for) with numbers (the website’s address). Every device that is linked to the Internet, including computers, tablets, smartphones, and webpages, has a numeric Internet Protocol (IP) address.
5. What is network topology?
One of the crucial questions in a networking interview is this one. The physical or conceptual configuration of a network’s nodes—computers, printers, servers, hubs, switches, routers, etc.—that are connected via a communication channel is known as network topology. It is divided into two sections: the logical topology, which specifies how the hosts access the media, and the physical topology, which is the actual configuration of the cables (the media).
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6. In a network, what do “client” and “server” mean?
Together, through a network, clients and servers—two distinct logical entities—accomplish a task.
- The component of communication that requests a network service, like viewing a webpage, downloading a file, or sending an email, is known as a client application.
- A server application is the part of a communication system that reacts to user requests by delivering the necessary service, such as sending an email, file, or web page.
- Computer applications like network printing, email, and the World Wide Web use the client-server architecture.
7. What are the components of a PC?
The following are some of the components of a PC:
- Mouse and keyboard
- Storage (Hard drive)
- Motherboard
- Video card
- Network card
- Processor (CPU)
- Memory (RAM)
- Power supply
- Cooling fan
8. What are the functions of Operating Systems?
The following are some of an operating system’s features:
- Applications and procedures are ranked in order of priority
- Protects computer data
- Controls directories and files
- Allows you to interact with computer gadgets
- Controls RAM
- Establishes connections with networks
- Offers a graphical user interface.
9. What are the many ways you can install an operating system?
- Network installation
- Remote Installation Services (RIS)
- Automated Deployment Services (ADS)
- Ghost drive imaging
- Options for boot media: DVD, floppy, or USB
- The CD – the boot media.
10. What are the different features of Frame Relay?
The various attributes of a frame relay include:
- Since Frame Relay is a connectionless service, address information is included in each data packet that travels over the network.
- Many speeds are available for Frame Relay, ranging from 56 Kbs to 25 Mbs. Even though the service is presently most frequently used at 56KB and 1,544MB.
- The frames range in length from 4 to 1,096 bytes.
- Frame Relay is regarded as an ISDN broadband service.
- It has a high throughput of 1,544 Mbps to 44,376 Mbps.
- It only functions at the data connection and physical layers. It is therefore simple to utilize the Internet.
- Its 9000 bytes of frame size is quite large. As a result, it supports all frame sizes for local area networks.
- Only problems at the data link layer can be detected by frame relay. Nevertheless, neither error control nor flow control exist. It uses the data link layer to function.
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11. What is a MAC address?
The distinct 48-bit hardware address of a LAN card is known as a MAC (Media Access Control) address, and it is typically kept in the ROM of the network adapter card.
- A network card or device’s MAC address is a special number that the manufacturer assigns to it.
- Another name for it is a physical address made up of hexadecimal digits.
- In theory, MAC addresses are fixed for each device and are unique across the globe.
- There are six pairs of numbers in every MAC address.
- The manufacturer can be determined using the first three pairs, and the model can be determined using the next three.
- It’s crucial to keep in mind that a computer can connect to networks using a range of devices, which is why it’s typical to have separate MAC addresses for Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.
12. Differentiate between ‘attenuation’, ‘distortion’, and ‘noise’.
Attenuation: A medium’s resistance causes a signal to lose some of its energy as it passes through it. We refer to this energy loss as attenuation.
Distortion: A signal’s form or shape may alter as it moves through a medium from one place to another. We call this distortion.
Noise: Unwanted electrical or electromagnetic energy deteriorates data and signal quality. This is known as noise.
13. How do you find a website’s IP address?
It’s not difficult to find a website’s or domain’s IP address by following these steps:
- Select “Start” from your computer’s menu.
- Enter “cdm” in the program and file browsers.
- Press “Enter.”
- After the MS-DOS console opens, type “nslookup google.com” into it. You must type the domain name of the page you wish to consult in place of “google.com.”
- You’ll then be able to view the IP address.
14. Which are the most common types of networks?
Peer-to-peer networks and server-based networks are the two main categories of networks.
15. Which network topologies are critical?
The star, bus, and ring topologies are the three fundamental ones.
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16. Differentiate between static IP addresses and dynamic IP addresses.
With a static IP address, a computer (or other device) is set up to utilize the same IP address every time. A centralized network service is in charge of managing a dynamic IP address, which is subject to periodic changes.
A+ and N+ Interview Questions and Answers for Experienced Professionals
17. How can you secure a computer network?
A secure computer network can be established in the following ways:
- Install dependable and current antivirus software for the entire network.
- Make sure that firewalls are appropriately set up.
- Track the performance of the firewall.
- Make sure the user is legitimate.
- Passwords should be updated quarterly.
- Establish a VPN, or virtual private network.
18. Why is network encryption required?
Encryption ensures network security by converting data from readable to unreadable formats. To decrypt the data, the user needs to use a password or secret key.
When it comes to communications and any situation where you wish to safeguard private data, encryption is helpful. Thus, it is possible to block unwanted access by encrypting the data on disks, folders, or even individual files.
Furthermore, data encryption offers a safeguard against the loss or theft of devices containing critical information, in addition to shielding users’ privacy from additional threats like bank fraud and identity theft.
19. How would you differentiate between a firewall and an antivirus?
Both are networking security applications.
- In private networks like intranets, a firewall stops unwanted access. It does not, however, offer protection against adware, spyware, or infections.
- Software known as an antivirus guards a computer against viruses, spyware, adware, and other harmful programs.
20. What is a Virtual Private Network (VPN)? What are the benefits of a VPN connection?
A virtual private network, or VPN, is a secure tunnel that is encrypted and created over the internet to link a device to a network. It facilitates the establishment of a secure network that ensures the safe transmission of sensitive data between various networks connected to the public internet network.
This makes it more difficult for outside parties to access your account without authorization, monitor your online activity, or steal data. A client can establish a remote connection to the company network by using the VPN.
The following are a few benefits of using a VPN connection:
- Protected file sharing
- Remote access
- Increased Security
- Better Performance
- Anonymity
- Scalability of Networks
- Avoids Data Limiting
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21. What is OSPF?
The acronym for Open Shortest Path First is OSPF. It is a routing protocol that determines the optimal path for data exchange using the link-state routing (LSR) algorithm.
We hope you can ace your next hardware and networking interview with the help of these A+ and N+ interview questions and answers. Enroll in our A+ and N+ training in Chennai to learn from fundamentals to advanced concepts of hardware and networking with international certification benefits.
